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ELECTROLYSIS 

Electro = an electric current made up of freely moving electrons
Lysis = to split/break apart

Simple Definition: 
Electrolysis is the process of splitting up molten/dissolved substances, using an electric current. 

Scientific Explanation:
Electrolysis uses electrical energy, transferred from a direct current supply, to split apart (decompose) electrolytes.

Decompose: The prefix "De" means opposite. "Compose" means to join together. Therefore, decompose means to split apart.

Electrolyte: "Electro" refers to a current. "Lyte" is the substance being split apart. The electrolyte is the substance that is being split apart by an electric current.

Direct Current supply (DC) = Is a circuit in which current flows in one direction.  Electrons are negatively charged, and so are attracted to the positive end of a battery and repelled by the negative end. So when the battery is hooked up to something that lets the electrons flow through it, they flow from negative to positive. 

Remember this important rule in science - opposites attract.






Engineering

Can someone help explain the process of electrolysis

The word photosynthesis comes from the Greek language:
‘photo’ means ‘light’
‘synthesis’ means ‘putting together’

Simple definition: Using light energy to create food (glucose) for the plant.
Side point: That's why plants need light to survive :)

Light energy is absorbed by the chlorophyll from the Sun. Chlorophyll is the green pigment found in chloroplasts. these CHLOROPLASTS are found in the plant cells. Water is absorbed by the root hair cells by osmosis and oxygen is absorbed through tiny holes in the leaf called stomata by diffusion.

Scientific explanation: Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that takes place in the chloroplasts of green plant cells, where light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2).

Word equation to represent this process: carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

The left hand side of the arrow are the reactants and the right hand side of the arrow are the products of photosynthesis.

Biology

What is photosynthesis?

The negative electrode is connected to the negative terminal of cell/battery in a DC circuit.  This electrode is called the cathode. Think of the cathode as being covered with electrons that are coming from the cell. So the cathode is negatively charged.

The positive electrode is called the anode. This is connected to the positive terminal of the cell/battery. Think of the anode as having a lack of electrons. So the anode is positively charged.

Let's pick an electrolyte to split apart! Soluble sodium chloride is our electrolyte. It's dissolved in an aqueous solution, so positively charged sodium ions (cations) and negatively charged chloride ions (anions) are not held in fixed positions, rather they are feely moving about in the solution.

How do we split apart these cations and anions away from each other? Remember this simple but important rule - opposites attract. The positively charged sodium ions are attracted to the cathode as it is "covered" with negatively charged electrons. Alternatively, CATions are attracted to the CAThode.

Likewise, ANions are attracted to the ANode. Or, negatively charged chloride ions become attracted and move to the anode, because the anode lacks negative electrons (electron deficient). Since the anode lacks electrons, the anode is a positive electrode.

Remember: opposites attract.

There you have it, you have split the electrolyte sodium chloride. 

The Qur’ān is the sacred Book that Muslims believe was revealed to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), the last of the Prophets. The Qur’ān was revealed to him gradually, bit-by-bit over a 23 year period – from the time of his call to be a Prophet in 610CE until shortly before his death in 632CE. Muslims believe that Allāh does not speak directly to humankind, rather He created them, then sent to them Messengers to inform them that Allāh created them and commands them to worship Him. This is in order to distinguish which of humankind will have faith in a Lord they will not see or speak to until after death. Revelation is conveyed to mankind through the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel). Allāh said:

“And it is not for any human being that Allah should speak to him except by revelation or from behind a partition or that He sends a messenger to reveal, by His permission, what He wills. Indeed, He is Most High and Wise. And thus We have sent to you (O Muhammad) an Inspiration, and a Mercy of Our Command. You knew not what is the Book, nor what is Faith? But We have made it (this Quran) a light wherewith We guide whosoever of Our slaves We will. And verily, you are indeed guiding mankind to the Straight Path.” (42: 51-53)

Quraan

What is the purpose of the Qur’an, and why is the most important thing/book to Muslims?

How to construct Punnett squares.

Determine the parental genotypes. You can use any letter you like but select one that has a clearly different lower case, for example: Aa, Bb, Dd.
Split the alleles for each parent and add them into your Punnett square around the edges.
Work out the new possible genetic combinations inside the Punnett square.
You may be asked to comment on the proportion of different allele combinations in the offspring, calculate a probability, ratio or just determine the phenotypes of the offspring.



How do you work out the percentage of someone with blue eyes from a genetic diagram? (BB, BB, BB in a table

Mitosis and meiosis are nuclear division processes that occur during cell division.
Mitosis involves the division of body cells, while meiosis involves the division of sex cells.
The division of a cell occurs once in mitosis but twice in meiosis.
Two daughter cells are produced after mitosis and cytoplasmic division, while four daughter cells are produced after meiosis.
Daughter cells resulting from mitosis are diploid, while those resulting from meiosis are haploid.
Daughter cells that are the product of mitosis are genetically identical. Daughter cells produced after meiosis are genetically diverse. While the processes of mitosis and meiosis contain a number of differences, they are also similar in many ways. Both processes have a growth period called interphase, in which a cell replicates its genetic material and organelles in preparation for division.


Science

What are the differences and similarities between meiosis and Interphase

Conclusion: 

Electrolysis is a scientific way of splitting substances.
Electrolysis means "current-splitting" - it involves the separation of substances through an electric current.



What does the process involve? I'm glad you asked :)

Two electrodes are connected to a direct current (d.c) supply and placed into the electrolytes. The electrolyte is typically an ionic compound, for example, sodium chloride.

When an ionic solid is melted or dissolved in water, the electrostatic forces of attraction (ionic bonds) between the negatively and positively charged ions, break. This allows the ions to move freely. An ionic substance with freely moving ions is called an electrolyte, because the electrolyte is the substance that is split apart. These ions were held by ionic bonds, but are now separated and freely moving. This electrolyte now contains freely moving charged particles (ions) so it can generate an electricity.



Why must the electrolyte be a liquid?

The Ions vibrate in a solid but cannot move around.
The ions are free to move in a liquid.
The liquid can conduct electricity.

Example of an electrolyte.

Sodium chloride in the solid state, is an ionic compound that has positively charged sodium ions (cations) and negatively charged chloride ions (anions) held together in fixed positions in a regular lattice structure.

When this ionic compound is molten or dissolved in a solution, the cations and anions are SPLIT from their fixed positions and free to move. This electrolyte can now conduct electricity. 


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