Experienced

Valuable

‘Orthodoxy’ is defined as adherence to a generally accepted theory or practice. In this context, the ‘economic orthodoxy... crumbling’ refers to status quo of economic policy/practice changing incrementally (slowly). In other words, a lot of people having a different economic outlook/way of thinking. An example of a change (/‘crumbling’) in ‘economic orthodoxy’ is evident historically with the rise of neo-liberalism (with the elections of Reagan and Thatcher), after the dominance Keynesianism post WWII (1945-1980).

English

With economic orthodoxy gradually crumbling, more people are starting to look past the..."  " " What's the meaning of word 'orthodox' in this context?

Yes points

- HRA 1998. Section 3 - for judges to interpret all UK law in line with the European Convention of human rights e.g Ghaidan v Godin Mendoza 
-Section 4 - allows for judiciary to make declaration of incompatibility if UK statute isn't in line with the ECHR e.g. Bellinger v Bellinger (resulting in the gender recognition act) and 
- Further separation of powers through constitutional reform act 2005, establishing separate Supreme Court (more ready to challenge Statutory disregard for HR?)
- Judicial Review for if state bodies act ultra vires (beyond conferred powers), using methods such as 'Wednesbury unreasonableness', 'procedural impropriety', 'illegality' and 'proportionality' e.g. Pham 2015 (prevention of suspected terrorist losing their 'right to rights') 
- common law protection of rights e.g. Entick v Carrington 
Changing concept of constitution allowing for greater protection of human rights e.g. Bi-polar sovereignty, Knight - sovereignty both resides with the crown in courts and the crown in Parliament.. empowerment of courts mean they are more equipped to protect rights? E.g. Legally constitutionalist perspective of Neuberger in R (Evans) v Attorney General "decisions of a court is binding... cannot be ignored... fundamental to the rule of law that decisions and actions of the executive are... reviewable by the court at the suit of an interested citizen"


No

- Doctrine of Parliamentary Sovereignty central to U.K. Constitution (A.V. Dicey - introduction to the constitution)... Allowing Parliament to 'make or unmake any law' examples of Parliamentary sovereignty in law: Madzimbamuto v Lardner Burke, Thoburn v Sunderland city council, Pickin v British Railroad  
- Judiciary don't commonly make Declarations of incompatibility under s4 e.g. Nicklinson 2014
- Human Rights are more so protected via political accountability rather than constitutional arrangements, since Parliament wouldn't infringe explicitly on rights the electorate hold dear (Read Adam Tomkins on political accountability) 


Politics

Are our Human Rights inadequately protected by the UK’s constituitional arrangements?

London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)

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What were the Reasons for the Foundation of the Labour Party?
‘Social Democrat Federation,’ the ‘Fabians’ and the ‘Independent Labour Party.’ / James Keir Hardie/ Gladstone/ Karl Marx 

History

History A-Level: Reasons behind formation of the Labour Party 

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Harold Macmillaan
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History A-Level: Lloyd George, Domestic problems between 1918-1922

History A-Level: To what extent was the holy lance responsible for the success of the first crusade?

The holy lance was instrumental in bringing about success in the First crusade, and of upmost significance when compared with other factors. Diminishing numbers, changing motivations of leaders and arduous journeying had begun to take a toll on the crusaders when they first approached the 450 towers of Antioch. Additionally, their belief in the favour of God fell dramatically after 8 months of besieging the city in the midst of hunger, disease and death. After finally entering the city, which lacked food, they heard news of a Kerbogha’s reinforcements approaching the city. And they’re morale hit a new low not even Adhemar of Le Puy, a close colleague of the Pope, could revive. It was the discovery of the lance that led them boldly to greet Kergboha’s forces that outnumbered them and reinvigorated the soldiers’ belief in the crusade. However, other factors such as Muslim weakness and sheer military leadership were the gears of the crusade; whilst avaricious impulses and religious piety were the oil that enhanced their performance.

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English A-Level: A Light in August Chapter summaries Chapters 4-19

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Closed Party list/ Open Party List
STV
AMS (hybrid)
SV
Electoral Reform


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History A-Level: Decline of the Liberal party between 1916 and 1929

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History A-Level: Development of The Labour Party 20th Century
Robert Owen/ Trade Unions/ 1890s Depression and its effects/ Capitalism Questioned – The ideas of Karl Marx (1818-83)/ The Emergence of the Labour Party in Britain

History A-Level: Development of The Labour Party 20th Century

History A-Level: Liberalism 19/20th Century Notes
Liberalism was an ideological concept, at the root liberalism was about freedom. The Whigs were fierce defenders of freedom, freedom of government etc. For liberals the Holy Grail was freedom. 

History A-Level: Liberalism 19/20th Century Notes

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Themes: Individualism/  Organic society/ Human nature/ 	Order & Hierarchy/ Tradition/ Inequality/ Private property/ 	Pragmatism/ Imperfection

To what extent is Conservatism a philosophy of human imperfection? 

One Nation Conservatives/ New Right/ Neoliberalism/ Neo-Conservatism 

Government and Politics: Conservatism - Main themes, Human imperfection and Strands

Economics A-Level, Globalisation. Explain the term ‘globalisation’ and the role that multinational companies play in the development of globalisation. (15 marks)/ To what extent, if at all, have the economic consequences of globalisation differed between developed and developing countries? (25 marks)

Economics A-Level - Globalisation Essay Answers

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Appointment process of justices to the Supreme court/ Key Supreme Court cases/ Brief points on the Supreme Court 


Politics: Supreme Court - Appointments process, key cases, and relevant points - (US) American Politics

English GCSE: An Inspector Calls Themes
Class divide/ Capitalism/ Age/ Morality/ Gender

English GCSE: An Inspector Calls Themes

Government and Politics Edexcel: Parties, pluralism, elections Essay Plan
Does government lose elections, or does the opposition win


Government and Politics Edexcel: Parties, pluralism, elections Essay plan

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NEW English GCSE: An Inspector Calls Character Breakdown

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Content/language/imagery/structure/conxtext
Poetry Anthology WJEC

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English GCSE: Literary Devices 

Alliteration, Connotation, Dialogue, Dialect, Figurative Language, Hyperbole, Oxymoron, Metaphor, Onomatopoeia, Personification, Simile etc.
 


English GCSE: Literary Devices 

Government and Politics: To what extent is the UK suffering from a democratic crisis?

-	Crown in Parliament
-	First Past the Post → low turnout / not proportionate 
-	Lack of devolution in England
-	Pressure Groups 
-	Uncodified constitution 
-	Free fair, elections 
-	Rights and freedoms 

Government and Politics: To what extent is the UK suffering from a democratic crisis?

History A-Level: The Conservative and Labour Governments, 1923-9

Economic Problems 1923-9/ Causes of Economic problems/ Labour, Liberal and Conservative number of seats

History A-Level: The Conservative and Labour Governments, 1923-9

History A-Level: Industrial Unrest 20th Century Britain

1.	Give the various reasons why there was a growth in industrial unrest (or militancy) in the years preceding world war one.
2.	In your own words, what was ‘syndicalism’ 
3.	Why were events in Tonypandy in 1910 significant and why and how did unrest escalate in 1912?
4.	What was the Triple Alliance? Why was it that, in spite of this alliance, the threat of a general strike did not come to anything?

History A-Level: Industrial Unrest 20th Century Britain

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Huw Edwards/ 20th century Britain/ Asquith 

History A-Level: David Lloyd George Notes

How successful were the Liberal governments in the years 1906-14 in bringing about political, constitutional and social reform? Essay Plan
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History A-Level: Liberal government reform 1906-1914 MODEL ANSWER

History A-Level: Liberal Social Reforms 1906-1914
'How Successful were the Social Reforms Introduced by the Liberals in the Years 1906-1914 in improving the lives of the British People'
Old age pension – 1908	
Nation Insurance Act – 1911
Trade Boards - 1909
The Compensation act of 1909
Education Act 1906
Medical Inspection Act 1907
Children and young persons act 1908
Labor Exchange 1909

History A-Level: Liberal Social Reforms 1906-1914

Economics A-Level: Financial Markets Short Notes 

Difference between commercial and Investment banks/ Balance sheet/ 3 factors that can worsen a banks balance sheet/ Regulation of the financial system 

Economics A-Level: Financial Markets Short Notes 

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Critics: Kathleen Burke/ Frances Thomas

English A-Level: Rossetti/ Ibsen Rough Comparison Brain storm

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English GCSE: An Inspector Calls Character Breakdown

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To what extent do you agree with this view?


English A-Level (Gothic) - A Light in August, Faulkner - Joanna Burden Essay 

History A-Level: TUC General Strike 1926 (Trade union congress)

Even before WW1 Long term structural deficiencies and problems that meant that this industry in its existing state was clearly not viable

History A-Level: TUC General Strike 1926 (Trade union congress)

Government and Politics - Nationalism: Overview, Strands, and Question

Core Themes: Nation, Organic Community, Self-determination, Culturalism

Strands: Liberal Nationalism, Conservative nationalism, Expansionist nationalism, Post-colonial Nationalism

Question: Is nationalism a single doctrine?






Government and Politics - Nationalism: Overview, Strands, and Question

History A-Level: Why was 1914 a watershed in British History (World War One)

After the outbreak of WW1, socially, politically and economically things were never the same again.

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Micah Roberts